Using Nanomaterials to Improve Water Desalination Processes or Purify Water from Pollution.

Abstract

Wastewater has taken a growing role as a global problem, in terms of both its increase and its treatment, recycling or reuse. Wastewater contains suspended and dissolved particles, hydrocarbons, various organic materials, and heavy metals. Reusing wastewater is impeded by the task of removing pollutants before it can flow into any natural body of water. Water treatment has been accomplished in several ways, including secondary materials, however, the manufacture of nanomaterials is expensive, and has the undesirable effect of metals, used in the manufacturing of most nanomaterials, such as silver, gold, etc. In this work, environmentally benign, low-cost natural nanomaterials were synthesized, and their efficacy in wastewater purification was evaluated by utilizing a natural nanomaterial derived from plant leaves. (Schanginia aegyptiaca).

The dried and ground leaf extract was centrifuged, filtered, and then dried. The resulting material was examined by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) to ensure it was nanoscale and to determine the type, number, size, and properties of the resulting material. A 1:1 dilution of the secondary material was made, and the dissolved oxygen, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, and turbidity were calculated before and after adding wastewater for (15), 30, 45, and (60) minutes. Jar test experiments showed that the Nano-extract of the tartar plant showed the best removal of salts, EC, TDS, and turbidity, with a percentage of 82.61%, 80.48%, 80.60%, and 52.83%, respectively, after 60 minutes, while the function The acidity was unchanged, while the dissolved oxygen doubled to 121.80%. The results prove the possibility of manufacturing a natural nanomaterial that is easy to prepare, low-cost, and has a wastewater treatment effect.